GK Express of 31/12/2025

By Nikhil Dasari - January 01, 2026

GK Express 🚂

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🌟 “The harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph.” 🌟

🚀 Challenges Build Character 🚀

📖 Know Your English

Word: Obdurate

Meaning: Stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or course of action.

Synonyms: Obstinate, Intransigent, Inflexible, Mulish

Example: Despite the evidence against him, he remained obdurate in his denial of the crime.

🚆 HISTORY COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1. In the context of Ancient India, what does the term 'Eripatti' refer to?

➡️ Land Revenue set apart for the maintenance of village tanks. In South India, especially during the Chola administration, specific land grants known as Eripatti were made to ensure the upkeep of water reservoirs.

2. Who presided over the Karachi Session of the Indian National Congress in 1931 where the resolution on Fundamental Rights was passed?

➡️ Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. This session is historically significant because it was here that the Congress adopted a resolution on Fundamental Rights and Economic Policy, drafted by Jawaharlal Nehru.

3. Which Delhi Sultan established a separate department for agriculture called 'Diwan-i-Kohi'?

➡️ Muhammad bin Tughlaq. He set up this department to bring more land under cultivation and improve cropping patterns, although the experiment largely failed due to corruption and lack of practical implementation.

🚆 BANKING AND FINANCE COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1. What is the concept of 'Evergreening of Loans' in the banking sector?

➡️ Reviving a bad loan by granting further loans. Banks sometimes lend more money to a struggling borrower to help them make interest payments on previous loans, thereby preventing the account from being classified as an NPA (Non-Performing Asset) artificially.

2. Which committee recommended the harmonization of the role of Development Financial Institutions (DFIs) and Banks, leading to 'Universal Banking'?

➡️ R.H. Khan Committee (1997). The committee suggested that DFIs should be allowed to become banks, paving the way for institutions like ICICI and IDBI to convert into commercial banks.

3. What is the 'Legal Entity Identifier' (LEI) mandated by the RBI?

➡️ A 20-digit unique alphanumeric code. It serves as a global reference number to identify distinct legal entities engaging in financial transactions. RBI has mandated it for large value transactions to improve risk management.

ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1. The 'Kigali Amendment' is a modification to which international environmental treaty?

➡️ The Montreal Protocol. Adopted in 2016, it aims to phase down the production and consumption of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are potent greenhouse gases used in refrigeration.

2. What is the phenomenon known as 'Arribada' associated with?

➡️ Mass nesting of Olive Ridley Sea Turtles. It refers to the unique mass nesting behavior where thousands of female turtles come ashore simultaneously to lay eggs, famously observed at Gahirmatha and Rushikulya in Odisha.

3. Which organization designates 'Hope Spots' for the preservation of ocean health?

➡️ Mission Blue. Founded by Dr. Sylvia Earle, Hope Spots are special places that are scientifically identified as critical to the health of the ocean and need protection. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep are India's Hope Spots.

💡 Did You Know?

🇮🇳 India's Only Basaltic Meteor Crater

Lonar Lake in Maharashtra is the only crater in the world formed by a hyper-velocity meteor impact on basaltic rock. Its water is both saline and alkaline.

🌍 Country Without Mosquitoes

Iceland is one of the few habitable places on Earth that is completely free of mosquitoes, likely due to its oceanic climate which makes the chemical composition of the water and soil unsuitable for them.

❓ Question of the Day

Which Article of the Indian Constitution established the 'Goods and Services Tax Council' (GST Council)?

Answer: Article 279A. This article was inserted by the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016. It empowers the President to constitute the GST Council, a joint forum of the Centre and the States.

✍️ Answer These Questions

1. Who was the first Chief Justice of Independent India?

2. Which is the longest river in Asia?

➡️ Submit your answers using the form below:

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Created by Nikhil Dasari & Mahesh Telugu

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