GK Express of 31/01/2026
🚆 GK Express 2.0
Discipline • Clarity • Competitive Preparation
🧠 Thought of the Day
“We cannot stop natural disasters but we can arm ourselves with knowledge: so many lives wouldn't have to be lost if there was enough disaster preparedness.”
📰 Current Affairs (Security)
- End of LWE by 2026: The Union Home Minister has announced that Left Wing Extremism (Naxalism) will be completely eliminated from India by March 2026. The number of affected districts has already dropped significantly.
- One District, One Product (ODOP) Program : The One District One Product (ODOP) initiative has recently been in the news for its nationwide expansion, highlighting its role in promoting district-level economic development and local entrepreneurship. Inspired by Japan’s “One Village One Product” model, ODOP identifies, brands, and promotes one distinctive product from each district. As of 2025, it covers 1,102 products across 761 districts, including agriculture, handicrafts, textiles, and food items.
📘 Concept of the Day
Subject: Disaster Management
Concept: The Disaster Management Cycle
Disaster management is not just about relief after a calamity; it is a continuous cycle of activities involving six phases: PMPRRR
1. Pre-Disaster Phase (Risk Reduction):
- Prevention: Action to avoid the adverse impact (e.g., banning construction in landslide zones).
- Mitigation: Measures to reduce severity (e.g., earthquake-resistant buildings).
- Preparedness: Planning and training (e.g., Mock drills, stockpiling food).
2. During Disaster Phase:
- Response: Immediate search, rescue, and relief activities to save lives.
3. Post-Disaster Phase (Recovery):
- Rehabilitation: Restoring basic services (water, power) and temporary shelter.
- Reconstruction: Long-term rebuilding with a focus on "Build Back Better".
🤔 Think About This
Tap a question to reveal the answer
1. Discuss the linkages between development and the spread of extremism (LWE).
Answer:
1. Development Deficit: Lack of infrastructure (roads, schools, hospitals) in tribal areas creates alienation.
2. Exploitation: Extremists exploit the grievances of the poor regarding land rights and forest produce.
3. Governance Vacuum: Absence of administration allows non-state actors to run parallel governments.
Solution: A two-pronged strategy is needed—aggressive policing to ensure security, coupled with rapid developmental interventions (like the Aspirational Districts Programme) to win 'hearts and minds'.
1. Development Deficit: Lack of infrastructure (roads, schools, hospitals) in tribal areas creates alienation.
2. Exploitation: Extremists exploit the grievances of the poor regarding land rights and forest produce.
3. Governance Vacuum: Absence of administration allows non-state actors to run parallel governments.
Solution: A two-pronged strategy is needed—aggressive policing to ensure security, coupled with rapid developmental interventions (like the Aspirational Districts Programme) to win 'hearts and minds'.
2. "Social media has become a new frontier for internal security challenges." Comment.
Answer:
1. Radicalization: Terror groups use encrypted platforms to recruit youth without physical contact.
2. Fake News & Rumors: Misinformation can trigger communal riots and mob violence (e.g., Muzaffarnagar riots, Bangalore exodus).
3. Cyber-Stalking/Bullying: It poses a threat to individual security and dignity.
4. Coordination: It allows anti-national elements to coordinate protests or attacks anonymously.
1. Radicalization: Terror groups use encrypted platforms to recruit youth without physical contact.
2. Fake News & Rumors: Misinformation can trigger communal riots and mob violence (e.g., Muzaffarnagar riots, Bangalore exodus).
3. Cyber-Stalking/Bullying: It poses a threat to individual security and dignity.
4. Coordination: It allows anti-national elements to coordinate protests or attacks anonymously.
📝 Let’s Write an Exam
Q.1 (UPSC PYQ)
Under the Disaster Management Act, 2005, who is the ex-officio Chairperson of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)?
A) Union Home Minister
B) Prime Minister of India
C) President of India
D) Cabinet Secretary
Answer: B
• The Prime Minister is the ex-officio Chairperson of the NDMA.
• For State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMA), the Chief Minister is the Chairperson.
• For District Disaster Management Authorities (DDMA), the District Collector/Magistrate is the Chairperson.
• The Prime Minister is the ex-officio Chairperson of the NDMA.
• For State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMA), the Chief Minister is the Chairperson.
• For District Disaster Management Authorities (DDMA), the District Collector/Magistrate is the Chairperson.
Q.2 (UPSC PYQ)
The 'Nodal Ministry' in the Government of India for the management of natural disasters is:
A) Ministry of Earth Sciences
B) Ministry of Home Affairs
C) Ministry of Environment & Forests
D) Ministry of Jal Shakti
Answer: B
• The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is the nodal ministry for managing most natural disasters (Cyclones, Earthquakes, Floods, Landslides).
• Exception:
1. Drought management falls under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
2. Epidemic management falls under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
• The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is the nodal ministry for managing most natural disasters (Cyclones, Earthquakes, Floods, Landslides).
• Exception:
1. Drought management falls under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
2. Epidemic management falls under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
✍️ Answer These Questions
1. What is the first product under One District One Product Program?
2. Which is the nodal ministry for Pandemic management?
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