GK Express of 23/10/2025

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📚 Current Affairs Coach

1.Narendra Modi to attend ASEAN Summit virtually

The prime minister will participate in the ASEAN Summit (26-28 Oct) virtually and ruled out a face-to-face meeting with Donald Trump. Why it matters: Signals India’s diplomatic prioritisation and timing (festival period) plus underlines tensions/trade uncertainty with the U.S. (tariffs on Indian goods). Implication: Watch for how India positions itself in Indo-Pacific, ASEAN relations and U.S. trade talks.

2.India rejects China-backed investment facilitation proposal at World Trade Organization (WTO)

India opposed a proposal backed by China for a “pre-investment review or appeal mechanism” in the investment facilitation agreement. Why it matters: Shows India’s sensitivity to sovereignty issues, preferring national control vs. multilateral oversight. Implication: This may impact future global investment treaties, India’s role in multilateral trade architecture.

3.World Bank to release USD 200 million for the Amaravati capital city development in Andhra Pradesh

The World Bank and Asian Development Bank (each USD 800 million) are funding Phase-I; second tranche expected by end of year. Why it matters: Big infrastructural and development initiative; reflects international financing of Indian urban growth. Implication: Implementation, speed of spending and governance will determine impact; may be a model for future funded projects.

📖 Know Your English

Word:Precipitate

Meaning:To make something, especially something bad, happen suddenly or sooner than it should

Synonyms:Trigger, hasten, expedite, provoke, spark, set off, bring on.

Example:The assassination of the archduke precipitated the outbreak of war.

🚆 SOCIAL REFORMS COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1.Who passed the act of widow remarriage?

➡️The Widow Remarriage Act was passed during the reign of Lord Canning, who was the Governor-General of India at the time. However, the bill was drafted by his predecessor, Lord Dalhousie, who served as Governor-General from 1848 to 1856.

2.Who did Rani Gaidinliu lead the movement in?

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Rani Gaidinliu led the Heraka Movement among the Zeliangrong Naga tribes in Northeast India to resist British colonialism and preserve Naga culture. The movement was both a religious and political one, aiming to revive indigenous religious practices and drive out British rule.

3.Who started the Mahad Satyagraha?

➡️Dr. B.R. Ambedkar started the Mahad Satyagraha in 1927 to secure the right for Dalits to use public water, leading a march to the Chowdar Tank in Mahad, Maharashtra. The movement aimed to challenge caste discrimination and asserted the right of the "untouchable" community to access public resources.

🚆 INTERNAL SECURITY COACH

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1.Which act empowers the government to ban unlawful organizations?

➡️In India, the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (UAPA) empowers the government to ban unlawful organizations. The act gives the Central Government the authority to declare an association unlawful through a notification in the Official Gazette.

2.When was the National Investigation Agency (NIA) established?

➡️The National Investigation Agency (NIA) was established on December 31, 2008, following the passage of the National Investigation Agency Act, 2008. The creation of the agency was a direct response to the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks in November 2008.

3.Which is the highest decision-making body on national security matters?

➡️The highest decision-making body on national security matters is the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS), headed by the Prime Minister. It is responsible for making high-level decisions on defense and security, and its members typically include the Home Minister, Defence Minister, Finance Minister, and External Affairs Minister.

🚆 BIODIVERSITY COACH

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1.Who coined the term biodiversity?

➡️

The term "biodiversity" was coined by Walter G. Rosen in 1985. He created the word by combining "biological" and "diversity" to describe the variety of life on Earth. The concept itself was discussed earlier under the name "biological diversity," a term introduced by Raymond F. Dasmann in 1968.

2.How many biodiversity hotspots are present in India?

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India has four biodiversity hotspots: the Himalayas, Indo-Burma, Western Ghats, and Sundaland. These regions are critical for conservation due to their high number of endemic species and significant habitat loss. The Sundaland region includes the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, while the Indo-Burma region covers parts of northeastern India.

3.What is the full form of IBAT?

➡️The acronym IBAT has several full forms, depending on the context. The most prominent full form refers to a tool used for biodiversity assessment.

💡 Did You Know?

🇮🇳

India’s INS Vikrant (IAC-1) is the first indigenously built aircraft carrier, designed by the Indian Navy’s Directorate of Naval Design and constructed at Cochin Shipyard Limited. It symbolizes India’s push for Aatmanirbharta (self-reliance) in defense production.

🌍

The Eiffel Tower in Paris can grow taller by about 15 centimeters during summer! ☀️ This happens because iron expands when heated and contracts when cooled — a perfect real-life example of thermal expansion.

❓ Question of the Day

Which country has no rivers despite being one of the richest nations in the world?

Answer:Saudi Arabia — It has no permanent rivers; instead, it depends on desalinated seawater and underground aquifers for its water supply.

✍️ Answer These Questions

1.Who is the first woman Prime Minister of Japan?

2. What is the capital Poland?

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