GK Express of 16/10/2025

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📚 Current Affairs Coach

1.India-Mongolia marked 70 years of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations

The two countries also celebrated the 10th anniversary of their Strategic Partnership with key MoUs signed during the visit of Mongolian President to India. Key MoUs signed Development Cooperation: Both countries reaffirmed commitment to the Mongol Oil Refinery Project, being implemented with US$ 1.7 billion Line of Credit by India. Cultural Relations: MoU between Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council and Mongolia’s Arkhangai Province.

2.2025 Global Hunger Index report “20 Years of Tracking Progress: Time to Recommit to Zero Hunger” released

The report has been published by the Irish humanitarian organisation Concern Worldwide, the German aid agency Welthungerhilfe, and the Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict (IFHV). Key Findings Global hunger has seen little reduction since 2016, and stalled progress is pushing the 2030 target of zero hunger out of reach. India is ranked 102nd among the 123 countries assessed with a GHI score of 25.8 which is classified as serious.

3.IUCN World Conservation Congress released update to IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

Latest update modified the conservation status of 12 Indian bird species, downlisting eight species, signaling positive trends in their conservation while uplisting four species. Four species that have been uplisted include: Indian Courser, Indian Roller and Rufous-tailed Lark uplisted to Near Threatened; Long-billed Grasshopper-warbler uplisted to Endangered. All these four species depend upon open natural ecosystems, which include habitats like grasslands, semi-arid landscapes, desert, croplands, hilly scrublands, and fallow lands.

📖 Know Your English

Word:Adulation

Meaning:Very great admiration or praise for someone, especially when it is more than is deserved.

Synonyms:a Adoration, worship, praise, and flattery.

Example:A politician receiving massive applause from a crowd after a speech is a form of public adulation.

🚆 SOCIAL REFORMS COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1.Who begin the Faraizi Movement?

➡️The Faraizi Movement was begun by Haji Shariatullah in the early 19th century (around 1818-1820) in Bengal. The movement aimed to reform Islam by removing un-Islamic practices and also sought to improve the conditions of the oppressed Muslim peasantry against Hindu landlords and European indigo planters.

2.Swami Sahajanand Saraswati published a journal named

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Swami Sahajanand Saraswati published a journal named Hunkar, a weekly Hindi magazine that was instrumental in spreading the peasant and agrarian movements in Bihar. He also published Lok Sangraha, a newspaper dedicated to highlighting the struggles of peasants.

3.Who was the leader of Munda Rebellio(Ulgulan)?

➡️The leader of the Munda Rebellion (Ulgulan) was Birsa Munda (1875–1900). The rebellion took place between 1899 and 1900.

🚆 INTERNAL SECURITY COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1.Which law empowers the Union government to designate individuals as terrorists without a prior judicial process?

➡️In furtherance to India's Zero Tolerance policy towards terrorism, the Central Government amended the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) in August 2019 to include the provision of designating an individual as terrorist.

2.Which two earlier kinetic responses are cited as precedents for cross‑border counter‑terror action?

➡️Two prominent examples cited as precedent for cross-border counter-terror action are the 2016 Indian surgical strikes and the 2019 Balakot airstrikes, both conducted in response to terrorist attacks.

3.What long‑horizon security initiative announced in 2025 aims at an indigenous national security shield by 2035?

➡️The long-horizon security initiative announced in 2025 aimed at an indigenous national security shield by 2035 is Mission Sudarshan Chakra. The mission was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his Independence Day speech on August 15, 2025.

🚆 BIODIVERSITY COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1.World Biodiversity day celebrated on

➡️World Biodiversity Day is celebrated annually on May 22 to increase understanding and awareness of biodiversity issues. The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed this day in 2001 to commemorate the adoption of the Convention on Biological Diversity on May 22, 1992.

2.Montreal Protocol is related to

➡️The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty related to protecting the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS). It was signed in 1987 and is considered a highly successful environmental agreement.

3.Why is a plant called Prosopis Juliflora often mentioned in news?

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Prosopis juliflora is frequently mentioned in the news because it is an invasive species that negatively impacts biodiversity and ecosystems. It outcompetes native plants, can inhibit the growth of other flora, and has been reported to damage groundwater sources and affect livelihoods dependent on native vegetation.

💡 Did You Know?

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The Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi — the official residence of the President of India — is one of the largest presidential residences in the world. It has 340 rooms, spread over 130 hectares (around 320 acres), and was originally built as the Viceroy’s House during British rule. Designed by Edwin Lutyens, it beautifully combines Indian and Western architectural styles, symbolizing India’s transition from colony to republic.

🌍

The Suez Canal, which connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea, handles about 12% of global trade each year. It is one of the most strategically important waterways in the world, allowing ships to travel between Europe and Asia without circling Africa — saving around 7,000 km of travel distance.

❓ Question of the Day

What is the exercise between India and Australia?

Answer: AUSTRAHIND-2025 reaffirms the shared commitment of India and Australia to regional peace, security, and stability, while reinforcing the growing defence partnership and strategic trust between the two nations, it added.

✍️ Answer These Questions

1.Which date is National sports day observed in India?

2. Expand TRAI

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