GK Express of 07/10/2025

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🌟 “Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts.” 🌟

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📚 Current Affairs Coach

1.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell (USA) and Shimon Sakaguchi (Japan) for their discoveries on peripheral immune tolerance.The research centers on the peripheral immune system, which includes immune components outside the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).Understanding this system is essential for to understand on how immune systems work in determining what should be attacked or protected.In 1995, Shimon Sakaguchi discovered a new class called regulatory T-cells, which calm the immune system and prevent it from attacking the host, a mechanism known as peripheral tolerance.Brunkow and Ramsdell advanced the field by studying scurfy mice, which develop severe autoimmune disease.

2.

India has expanded its Unified Payments Interface (UPI) services to Qatar. Qatar (Capital: Doha) Political Features Located in West Asia on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula. Bordering Country: Saudi Arabia. Bordering Water Bodies: Persian Gulf, Gulf of Bahrain. Geographical Features Sand dunes and salt flats (Sabkhahs) form the chief topographical features. Possesses the world’s third-largest natural gas reserves and is one of the world’s largest exporters of natural gas.

3.Prime Minister launched PM-SETU (Pradhan Mantri Skilling and Employability Transformation through Upgraded ITIs)

PM-SETU will follow a hub-and-spoke model, with 200 hub ITIs linked to 800 spoke ITIs. Each hub will be equipped with advanced infrastructure, innovation and incubation centres, production units, training of trainer facilities, and placement services, while the spokes will extend access and outreach. Strengthen 5 National Skill Training Institutes in - Bhubaneswar (Odisha), Chennai (Tamil Nadu), Hyderabad (Telangana), Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh), Ludhiana (Punjab), as Centres of Excellence with global partnerships.

📖 Know Your English

Word:Morose

Meaning:Bad-tempered, and not saying much to other people.

Synonyms:Glum, sullen, gloomy, surly, dour, and ill-tempered.

Example:Shyam became morose and would not talk to anyone.

🚆 GEOGRAPHY COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1.Which port is known as Queen of Arabian Sea?

➡️Kochi Port is a natural Harbour, situated at the head of Vembanad Kayal, popularly known as the “Queen of the Arabian Sea”

2.Which state is the largest producer of Manganese in India?

➡️Odhisha is the largest manganese producing state of India. Odhisha’s manganese reserves constitute 44% of the total reserves and produces 37% of the total manganese ore in India.

3.The only mud volcano of India is evident in which of the following islands of India?

➡️The only mud volcano of India is evident in Baratang island. The recent eruptions occurred in 2005 the year recent. It was believed that the reason for the last ereption was because of the Indian Ocean earthquake in 2004.

🚆 INDIAN SOCIETY COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1.Which is the first "Evening Paper"?

➡️The first "evening paper" in India was The Mail, which was originally known as The Madras Mail. It was first published on December 14, 1868.

2.Who defined “Joint family as a group of people who generally lives under one roof, who eat food cooked at one hearth, who hold property in common and who participate in common worship and are related to each other as some particular type of kindred?”

➡️Iravati Karve defines joint family as “a group of people who generally live under one roof, who eat food cooked at one hearth, who hold property in common and who participate in common family worship and are related to each other as some particular type of kindred.”

3.Who authored the book ‘The Psychology of Social Norms’?

➡️Muzafer Sherif was a Turkish-American social psychologist. He helped develop social judgment theory and realistic conflict theory. Sherif was a founder of modern social psychology who developed several unique and powerful techniques for understanding social processes, particularly social norms, and social conflict.

🚆 BIOLOGY COACH

👆 Click a question to see the answer

1.Which Indian scientist is known for his work on plant physiology and invented the crescograph?

➡️The Indian scientist known for his work in plant physiology and the invention of the crescograph is Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose. Bose used the crescograph, a device employing clockwork gears, to measure plant growth and demonstrate that plants are sensitive and have life, similar to other living beings.

2.Which microorganism is used in the production of antibiotics like penicillin?

➡️Iodine deficiency causes hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland is underactive, and can also lead to goiter (an enlarged thyroid gland) and cretinism, which includes intellectual disabilities in children.

3.Which microorganism is used in the production of antibiotics like penicillin?

➡️The microorganism used to produce antibiotics like penicillin is the fungus Penicillium. Specifically, industrial-scale production uses high-yielding strains of the species Penicillium chrysogenum. The original strain that Alexander Fleming discovered in 1928 was Penicillium notatum, but better strains were later developed. Which microorganism is used in the production of antibiotics like penicillin?

💡 Did You Know?

🇮🇳

Did you know that India is the world’s largest producer of milk? 🥛 Since 1998, India has held this position, thanks to Operation Flood, launched in 1970 by the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB). This “White Revolution” transformed India from a milk-deficient nation into a milk-surplus one — making dairy farming a major source of livelihood for millions of rural families. 🐄

🌍

Did you know that Switzerland has not fought a war since 1815? 🇨🇭 After the Napoleonic Wars, it declared permanent neutrality, which was later recognized by major European powers. This neutrality helped Switzerland become a hub for diplomacy and home to organizations like the Red Cross and United Nations offices in Geneva.

❓ Question of the Day

Who gave the title "Mahatma" and in which year?

Answer:Mahatma Gandhi was named Man of the Year (now Person of the Year) by Time magazine in 1930.

✍️ Answer These Questions

1.Whic is the largest site in IVC?

2.When was the first Public Service Commission established in India?

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