Answer Sheet 27-01-25
Analytical questions
1) What is Inflation. How does it effect the economy?
What is Inflation?
Inflation is the rise in the general price level of goods and services over time, reducing the purchasing power of money. For example, if milk costs ₹50 today but ₹55 next year, inflation has occurred.
Effects of Inflation on the Economy:
1. Reduces Purchasing Power: People can buy less with the same amount of money.
Example: A ₹1000 note buys fewer groceries as prices rise.
2. Increases Cost of Living: Essentials like food, fuel, and rent become expensive, squeezing household budgets.
Example: Families spend more on daily needs, cutting savings.
3. Hurts Savings: Inflation decreases the value of savings if the interest earned is less than inflation.
Example: A 5% savings interest rate is ineffective if inflation is 7%.
4. Impacts Investments: Rising inflation may lower investment returns, discouraging economic growth.
Example: Stock markets may decline as costs increase for businesses.
5. Encourages Spending: People spend sooner to avoid future price hikes, which can boost short-term demand.
2) What do you mean by disinvestment?
Disinvestment means the government sells its ownership or shares in public sector companies (government-owned companies) to private individuals or companies. This is done to reduce the government's control and raise money for other needs like infrastructure or reducing debt.
For example:
If the government owns 100% of a company like Air India and sells 50% of it to private investors, that is called disinvestment.
Single answer questions
1) UPI- Unified Payment Interface, it is a digital payment system that allows you to transfer money instantly between bank accounts using your smartphone. It is fast, secure, and works 24/7.
2) GST (Goods and Services Tax) was implemented in India on 1st July 2017. It replaced multiple indirect taxes like VAT, excise duty, and service tax, creating a unified tax system across the country.
3) The services sector is the largest contributor to the Indian economy. It accounts for over 50% of India’s GDP. This includes industries like IT, telecommunications, banking, healthcare, education, and tourism.
4) NABARD stands for National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development.
5) India's GDP is calculated by the National Statistical Office (NSO), which operates under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI).
POLITICAL COACH
Analytical questions
1) How does the reservation system in India impact equal than Social justice?
The reservation system in India aims to promote equality and social justice by providing opportunities in education, employment, and politics for historically disadvantaged groups like Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
Positive Impacts:
1. Reduces Inequality: Helps marginalized communities access resources and opportunities.
2. Social Justice: Addresses historical discrimination and empowers underprivileged groups.
Challenges:
1. Merit vs. Reservation Debate: Critics argue it sometimes overlooks merit.
2. Exclusion of Needy Groups: Some deserving individuals outside reserved categories feel excluded.
It’s a step toward bridging social gaps but requires periodic reforms to balance fairness and inclusivity.
Single answered questions
1) The office of Lokpal and Lokayukta in India is based on the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, which aims to address corruption in government and ensure accountability.
Lokpal: Functions at the central level to investigate complaints against public officials, including the Prime Minister, Ministers, and MPs.
Lokayukta: Functions at the state level to investigate corruption cases involving state officials.
This system is inspired by the Ombudsman model in countries like Sweden.
2) The item "Education" is included in the Concurrent List of the Indian Constitution (Article 246). This means both the Central Government and State Governments can make laws on education. However, in case of a conflict, the law made by the Central Government prevails.
SCIENTIFIC COACH
1) Why do metals conduct electricity while non metals do not?
Metals conduct electricity because they have free electrons that can move easily within their structure. These free electrons allow the flow of electric current when a potential difference (voltage) is applied.
For example:
In a metal like copper, the outer electrons of atoms are loosely bound, so they can move freely and conduct electricity.
On the other hand, non-metals do not have free electrons. Their electrons are tightly bound to atoms, making it difficult for them to move freely and conduct electricity. That's why materials like rubber or wood don't conduct electricity.
Single answered questions
1) Curie (Ci) is the unit of radioactivity. It measures the amount of radiation emitted by a substance.
2) Iron
3) Entomology
4) Har Gobind Khorana shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 for his work in the field of genetics. Specifically, he was recognized for his research on the genetic code and how it directs protein synthesis. Khorana's work helped unravel how sequences of nucleotides in DNA translate into amino acids, forming proteins.
GEO- COACH
1) What is the importance of indo-ganghatic plane for India's economy?
The Indo-Gangetic Plain (also known as the Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain) is extremely important for India's economy due to its rich natural resources, fertile soil, and strategic location. Here’s how it contributes:
1. Agriculture: The region is highly fertile, supported by alluvial soil and irrigation from major rivers like the Ganges, Yamuna, and Brahmaputra. It is one of the most productive agricultural areas in India, producing rice, wheat, sugarcane, and pulses, which are key to the country's food security.
2. Population and Labor: It is densely populated, providing a large labor force for both agriculture and industry. This makes it crucial for both agricultural production and industrial growth.
3. Transport and Trade: The plain's rivers provide vital water routes for trade, and the region's infrastructure supports significant road, rail, and air transport, making it a hub for commerce.
4. Industrial Growth: The Indo-Gangetic Plain also hosts major industrial cities like Kanpur, Lucknow, Patna, and Kolkata, contributing to India's manufacturing and service sectors.
5. Economic Growth: With its agricultural output, industrial centers, and strategic location, this region plays a central role in India's overall economic growth and development.
Single answered questions
1) Marine trench
2) The most densely populated country in the world is Monaco. It has an extremely high population density due to its small land area and a relatively large population. Monaco's population density is over 25,000 people per square kilometer.
3) The "Sorrow of Bihar" refers to the Kosi River, which is known for its unpredictable flooding and destructive behavior. The river has a history of shifting its course, causing widespread damage to crops, homes, and infrastructure in Bihar. These frequent floods lead to significant loss of life and property, making the Kosi River one of the most challenging natural hazards in the state.
HISTORICAL COACH
1) How did the cold war shaped Global politics in the 20th century
The Cold War (1947-1991) significantly shaped global politics in the 20th century, primarily through the rivalry between two superpowers: the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR). This conflict, while not fought directly in battles between the two, had profound effects on politics, economics, and military strategies worldwide.
Key Impacts of the Cold War on Global Politics:
1. Division of the World:
The world was divided into two main blocs:
The Western Bloc, led by the US, promoting capitalism and democracy.
The Eastern Bloc, led by the USSR, promoting communism and a state-controlled economy.
This led to the creation of military alliances such as NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) for the West and the Warsaw Pact for the East.
2. Arms Race:
Both the US and the USSR developed powerful nuclear arsenals, leading to a constant race to build more advanced weapons. The threat of nuclear war shaped international relations and security policies.
3. Proxy Wars:
While the US and USSR did not engage in direct warfare, they fought proxy wars by supporting opposing sides in regional conflicts, such as in Vietnam, Korea, Afghanistan, and Latin America. These wars often had devastating effects on the countries involved.
4. Decolonization:
The Cold War influenced the process of decolonization as both superpowers sought to gain influence over newly independent nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. These countries often faced pressure to align with either the US or the USSR.
5. Formation of Global Institutions:
The Cold War led to the strengthening of institutions like the United Nations (UN), which became a platform for both superpowers to exert influence. The conflict also led to the establishment of institutions like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which played key roles in post-war reconstruction and global economic policies.
6. End of the Cold War:
The Cold War ended in the early 1990s with the dissolution of the Soviet Union, leading to a unipolar world where the US became the dominant global power. This reshaped global politics, leading to the spread of democracy and market-oriented economic policies in many former communist countries.
In summary, the Cold War shaped global politics by creating deep divisions between ideologies, influencing conflicts around the world, and establishing the US and USSR as superpowers that defined international relations throughout much of the 20th century.
Single answered questions
1) The capital of the Mughal Empire under Akbar was Fatehpur Sikri. Akbar built this city near Agra in the late 16th century and made it the capital from 1571 to 1585. Later, the capital was shifted back to Agra due to water shortages at Fatehpur Sikri.
Fatehpur Sikri remains an important historical and architectural site, reflecting Akbar's vision and the cultural synthesis of his reign.
2) ASI stands for Archaeological Survey of India.
3) The state of Bihar is known as the cradle of Buddhism in India. It is in Bihar that Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya, making it one of the holiest sites in Buddhism. Additionally, Nalanda in Bihar was home to one of the ancient world’s most famous centers of Buddhist learning.
WHAT IF?
What if the internet had been invented in 19th century. How could society changed?
1. Faster Communication:
Instant global communication would have revolutionized diplomacy, trade, and information sharing.
2. Accelerated Scientific Progress:
Quick sharing of research and discoveries could have sped up advancements in fields like medicine, physics, and engineering.
3. Global Economic Impact:
E-commerce and global trade would have started earlier, expanding markets and industries.
4. Political and Social Movements:
Faster mobilization for political revolutions and social justice movements, promoting quicker reforms.
5. Cultural Exchange:
Increased cultural interconnection, blending art, music, and lifestyle across nations.
6. Impact on Warfare:
Real-time intelligence and strategies in warfare could have reshaped military tactics and conflicts.
In summary, the 19th-century internet would have drastically accelerated globalization, innovation, and societal change, while also creating new challenges like misinformation.
GUESS THE INVENTION
CAPITAL CITY
2) Kohima
SUPERLATIVES
(In India, Reliance Industries is the largest market capitalisation company)
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Hii Juniors, Post your doubts here regarding this GK Express..........